Caste-based reservations, India (the results, statistics)

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“Several state board schools and junior colleges are realising the importance of tests like JEE and NEET andopting for an integrated approach where students are trained for entrance tests,“ said Ruia College principal Suhas Pednekar.
 
“Several state board schools and junior colleges are realising the importance of tests like JEE and NEET andopting for an integrated approach where students are trained for entrance tests,“ said Ruia College principal Suhas Pednekar.
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=Merit, the dilution of=
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==2017: Management/ NRI cut-offs way below OBC,SC,ST==
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[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F06%2F11&entity=Ar00710&sk=7F915EED&mode=text  Rema Nagarajan, Money, not quota, dilutes merit in med admissions, June 7, 2018: ''The Times of India'']
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[[File: In 2017, management- NRI cut-offs at private medical colleges were way below OBC,SC,ST cut-offs at government medical colleges.jpg|In 2017, management/ NRI cut-offs at private medical colleges were way below OBC,SC,ST cut-offs at government medical colleges. <br/> “Government seats’” cut-offs at private medical colleges were well below OBC cut-offs at government medical colleges and only marginally better than SC cut-offs at government medical colleges <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F06%2F11&entity=Ar00710&sk=7F915EED&mode=text  Rema Nagarajan, Money, not quota, dilutes merit in med admissions, June 7, 2018: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
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''Higher The Fees, Lower The Avg NEET Score''
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It is not caste-based reservation but money that compromises merit in medical admissions. This is obvious from the difference of about 140 marks, or close to 20 percentage points, between the average NEET scores of admissions to over 39,000 government-controlled seats and those to the over 17,000 management and NRI quota seats in private colleges where fees determine admission.
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 +
TOI analysed details of nearly 57,000 students admitted to 409 colleges last year. The average NEET score of students in government-controlled seats was 448 out of 720, while the quotas under private control averaged just 306.
 +
 +
Incidentally, the average score of students admitted under the SC quota in government colleges was 398 and the overall average for SC students in all colleges was 367, both much higher than the overall average for privately controlled seats.
 +
 +
The conclusion that it is high fees that are driving this dilution of merit in private college admissions comes from looking at how fees and NEET scores are correlated (see graphic). The higher the range of fees, the lower the average NEET score.
 +
 +
As a result, the NRI quota, which typically has the highest fees, has the lowest NEET scores, a mere 221 on average.
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 +
 +
'''Avg score in govt med colleges is 487'''
 +
 +
As a result, the NRI quota, which typically has the highest fees, has the lowest NEET scores, a mere 221 on average. The correlation between fees and NEET scores can be seen even in government colleges, some of which have started charging fees beyond the means of even middle-class families. The average score of students in government colleges where the annual fee is less than Rs 50,000, was 487, whereas for those with fees of a lakh or more, it was 372.5.
 +
 +
===Assam vis-à-vis UP: how merit is being compromised by money ===
 +
[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F06%2F11&entity=Ar01510&sk=74BEB77E&mode=text  Rema Nagarajan, Med seats: Why pure merit works in Assam, not in UP, June 7, 2018: ''The Times of India'']
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[[File: How merit is being compromised by money in medical admissions- Assam, UP- 2017.jpg|Assam vis-à-vis UP: how merit is being compromised by money in medical admissions <br/> 2017 figures <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F06%2F11&entity=Ar01510&sk=74BEB77E&mode=text  Rema Nagarajan, Med seats: Why pure merit works in Assam, not in UP, June 7, 2018: ''The Times of India'']|frame|500px]]
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If medical admissions were entirely merit based what would be the cut-off percentile required to fill all seats? Without the entire list of NEET qualified students in the country, gauging this cut-off percentile is an exercise in approximation. However, the list of students who qualified from Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Kerala and Telangana are available in the public domain. An analysis of these shows that for all categories other than ST, even an 88th percentile cut-off (equivalent to a score of 340) would have ensured enough and more students qualified to fill seats available. For the ST category, this would be true at about the 75th percentile or above a score of 234.
 +
 +
The cases of Assam and UP are particularly illuminating to show how merit is being compromised severely by money in medical admissions. Assam has no private colleges, while UP has no government quota in its 22 private colleges with 2800 seats.
 +
 +
An analysis of NEET scores shows that in Assam, only 49 of the 603 students admitted were below the cut-offs that would have been needed (from 93rd percentile for unreserved to 74th for ST) to fill all the seats available if merit alone mattered and all students who qualified were willing to join.
 +
 +
In contrast, in UP, over 2,900 of the 4,908 students admitted were below the cut-offs calculated on the basis of merit (from 97th for unreserved and OBC to 75th for ST). About 95% of these students were in the private colleges in UP.
 +
 +
This happens because many high-scoring students from the different categories cannot afford the exorbitant fees charged by private medical colleges and are forced to drop out despite merit. This allowed rich students with scores as low as 17-18% at the 50th and 40th percentile cutoffs to grab the seats.
 +
 +
Instead of fixing the cut-off percentile based on the number of seats available and the marks scored by students in each year, the health ministry and the Medical Council of India fixed the cut-off in advance at 50th and 40th percentile. To make matters worse, with no stipulation on minimum marks in each subject, students with single digit marks in chemistry and physics, and a few with even zero and negative marks in these subjects have qualified and got admission. Despite this being brought to the notice of the health ministry and the MCI, the system remains unchanged.
 +
 +
In 2018, the eligibility scores fell even further to 119 (16.5%) and 96 (13.3%) for the unreserved and reserved categories respectively. “At this rate, they might as well remove the cutoff and say that anyone writing NEET will be eligible. Seats are still being sold thanks to such low cut-offs,” remarked Jawahar Shanmugham, petitioner in a case against the high fees in deemed universities.
 +
 +
Even with the government helping colleges fill the highpriced seats by keeping cut-offs as low as possible, many private colleges in Karnataka, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra were in the news in 2017 for being unable to fill NRI seats, and in some cases even management quota seats, which forced them to slash fees. The seats remained vacant not because there weren’t meritorious students, but because there weren’t enough of them willing to pay such high fees.
 +
 +
Unsurprisingly, the biggest beneficiaries of the management and NRI seats are students from the unreserved category, accounting for over 60% of these seats (10,373 out of 17,243). OBCs account for almost 29% and SC and ST together amount to just 3%. The average score of unreserved students getting private seats (361.5) is less than the average score of SC category students in government colleges (367).

Revision as of 14:15, 12 June 2018

This is a collection of articles archived for the excellence of their content.

Contents

Education

In JEE(A), OBC almost equal ‘open category:’ 2017

Hemali Chhapia, In JEE(A), OBC qualifiers almost equal open category aspirants, May 21, 2017: The Times of India

Quota Students From State Boards Rule Nos

The IITs, once the preserve of the educated elite in the metros, are witnessing a significant class shift.

As 1.7 lakh bright high school graduates take the IIT JEE (Advanced) on Sunday , data reveals that an almost identical number of open category and OBC candidates have qualified to take this final exam to enter the IITs.

Among aspirants from state boards, the ratio is, in fact, skewed in favour of back ward candidates as against the ones from the general quota. However, the qualifying score for backward candidates is 49 while for open category students it is 81.

In Maharashtra state board, while 4,394 from the ge neral category have made the cut, 7,460 from the OBC category and 4,619 SC candidates will appear for the JEE (Advanced) test. Similar is the case with Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh where a larger chunk of OBCs and the SCs have qualified for the IIT test through their school boards.) Even in case of the Guja rat, Telangana, Andhra, Kar nataka, Kerala and West Beng al state boards, a larger num ber of OBC students is compe ting for IIT seats vis-à-vis those from the open category .

“The make-up of candida tes taking the JEE this year has altered,“ said a JEE cha irman. Historically , CBSE schools have had the largest share of IIT seats, but the trend is changing. In 2012, 57% of candidates admitted were from CBSE, but by 2014, it had dropped to 42%.

This year, 64,000 JEE (Adv) candidates are from the non creamy layer of OBC and 69,000 from the general category . What that will translate to, said a JEE official, would be that several OBCs would qualify under the general category and not take a quota seat.

“Quite a few general category students of the 2.2 lakh who qualified after the JEE (Main) have dropped out and that may also be responsible in narrowing the (gap between) the number of OBC and general category students,“ said an IIT director.

As an individual board, CBSE dominated the merit list of the JEE (Main) exams for qualifying to the next level.Then came state boards like Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Maharashtra which also occupy a thick slice of the pie.

“Several state board schools and junior colleges are realising the importance of tests like JEE and NEET andopting for an integrated approach where students are trained for entrance tests,“ said Ruia College principal Suhas Pednekar.

Merit, the dilution of

2017: Management/ NRI cut-offs way below OBC,SC,ST

Rema Nagarajan, Money, not quota, dilutes merit in med admissions, June 7, 2018: The Times of India

In 2017, management/ NRI cut-offs at private medical colleges were way below OBC,SC,ST cut-offs at government medical colleges.
“Government seats’” cut-offs at private medical colleges were well below OBC cut-offs at government medical colleges and only marginally better than SC cut-offs at government medical colleges
From: Rema Nagarajan, Money, not quota, dilutes merit in med admissions, June 7, 2018: The Times of India

Higher The Fees, Lower The Avg NEET Score

It is not caste-based reservation but money that compromises merit in medical admissions. This is obvious from the difference of about 140 marks, or close to 20 percentage points, between the average NEET scores of admissions to over 39,000 government-controlled seats and those to the over 17,000 management and NRI quota seats in private colleges where fees determine admission.

TOI analysed details of nearly 57,000 students admitted to 409 colleges last year. The average NEET score of students in government-controlled seats was 448 out of 720, while the quotas under private control averaged just 306.

Incidentally, the average score of students admitted under the SC quota in government colleges was 398 and the overall average for SC students in all colleges was 367, both much higher than the overall average for privately controlled seats.

The conclusion that it is high fees that are driving this dilution of merit in private college admissions comes from looking at how fees and NEET scores are correlated (see graphic). The higher the range of fees, the lower the average NEET score.

As a result, the NRI quota, which typically has the highest fees, has the lowest NEET scores, a mere 221 on average.


Avg score in govt med colleges is 487

As a result, the NRI quota, which typically has the highest fees, has the lowest NEET scores, a mere 221 on average. The correlation between fees and NEET scores can be seen even in government colleges, some of which have started charging fees beyond the means of even middle-class families. The average score of students in government colleges where the annual fee is less than Rs 50,000, was 487, whereas for those with fees of a lakh or more, it was 372.5.

Assam vis-à-vis UP: how merit is being compromised by money

Rema Nagarajan, Med seats: Why pure merit works in Assam, not in UP, June 7, 2018: The Times of India

Assam vis-à-vis UP: how merit is being compromised by money in medical admissions
2017 figures
From: Rema Nagarajan, Med seats: Why pure merit works in Assam, not in UP, June 7, 2018: The Times of India

If medical admissions were entirely merit based what would be the cut-off percentile required to fill all seats? Without the entire list of NEET qualified students in the country, gauging this cut-off percentile is an exercise in approximation. However, the list of students who qualified from Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Kerala and Telangana are available in the public domain. An analysis of these shows that for all categories other than ST, even an 88th percentile cut-off (equivalent to a score of 340) would have ensured enough and more students qualified to fill seats available. For the ST category, this would be true at about the 75th percentile or above a score of 234.

The cases of Assam and UP are particularly illuminating to show how merit is being compromised severely by money in medical admissions. Assam has no private colleges, while UP has no government quota in its 22 private colleges with 2800 seats.

An analysis of NEET scores shows that in Assam, only 49 of the 603 students admitted were below the cut-offs that would have been needed (from 93rd percentile for unreserved to 74th for ST) to fill all the seats available if merit alone mattered and all students who qualified were willing to join.

In contrast, in UP, over 2,900 of the 4,908 students admitted were below the cut-offs calculated on the basis of merit (from 97th for unreserved and OBC to 75th for ST). About 95% of these students were in the private colleges in UP.

This happens because many high-scoring students from the different categories cannot afford the exorbitant fees charged by private medical colleges and are forced to drop out despite merit. This allowed rich students with scores as low as 17-18% at the 50th and 40th percentile cutoffs to grab the seats.

Instead of fixing the cut-off percentile based on the number of seats available and the marks scored by students in each year, the health ministry and the Medical Council of India fixed the cut-off in advance at 50th and 40th percentile. To make matters worse, with no stipulation on minimum marks in each subject, students with single digit marks in chemistry and physics, and a few with even zero and negative marks in these subjects have qualified and got admission. Despite this being brought to the notice of the health ministry and the MCI, the system remains unchanged.

In 2018, the eligibility scores fell even further to 119 (16.5%) and 96 (13.3%) for the unreserved and reserved categories respectively. “At this rate, they might as well remove the cutoff and say that anyone writing NEET will be eligible. Seats are still being sold thanks to such low cut-offs,” remarked Jawahar Shanmugham, petitioner in a case against the high fees in deemed universities.

Even with the government helping colleges fill the highpriced seats by keeping cut-offs as low as possible, many private colleges in Karnataka, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra were in the news in 2017 for being unable to fill NRI seats, and in some cases even management quota seats, which forced them to slash fees. The seats remained vacant not because there weren’t meritorious students, but because there weren’t enough of them willing to pay such high fees.

Unsurprisingly, the biggest beneficiaries of the management and NRI seats are students from the unreserved category, accounting for over 60% of these seats (10,373 out of 17,243). OBCs account for almost 29% and SC and ST together amount to just 3%. The average score of unreserved students getting private seats (361.5) is less than the average score of SC category students in government colleges (367).

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