Employers: India
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5 biggest employers of Indian IT
The Times of India, June 29, 2015
The Indian workforce is 487-million strong, the second largest after China. Of these a large part works in the unorganized sector.
The organized sector includes workers employed by the government, state-owned enterprises and private sector. Among the private sector, Indian IT continues to be among the biggest employer in the country. According to the Economic Survey 2014-2015, IT and ITeS make up the single largest contributor to India's services export and continues to be one of the largest employers in the country, directly employing nearly 35 lakh people.
Top five employers of the tech sector in India:
TCS
TCS is among the world's largest employers in the technology sector, with over 3 lakh employees. According to the company, it has over 319,000 employeesspread across 46 countries. The company is also expected to hire about 60,000 employees in its current financial year.
Infosys
Infosys is the second-largest India-based IT services company going by 2014 revenues and has a 1,76,187-strong workforce. Globally, Infosys has 85 sales and marketing offices and 100 development centers (as of March 31, 2015).
IBM
Tech giant IBM has over 4.3 lakh employees worldwide. The company's Indian subsidiary, said to be among one of the biggest IT employers, is reported to have over 1.5 lakh employees in the country.
Wipro
IT consulting company has 158,217 employees (as of March 31, 2015). It was incorporated on December 29, 1945, in Mumbai by Azim Premji as 'Western India Vegetable Products Limited, later abbreviated to Wipro. The company entered IT services industry in 1990s and today serves clients in 175-plus cities across six continents.
Accenture
Accenture recently shot past Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) in headcount in its latest quarter. According to the company's chief financial officer, David Rowland, Accenture ended the quarter with a global headcount of about 336,000 people, and it now has approximately 237,000 people in its global delivery network.
The company also plans to hire 95,000 in FY2015. Though India-specific figures are not available, Accenture is counted among top tech employers in the country.
Indian Railways: world’s 8th largest employer
The Times of India, Jun 28, 2015
Indian Railways, Army among world's biggest employers: Study
Indian Railways is the largest employer. The organisation is ranked at the eighth place in the list of world's biggest employers. Two Indian organisations - Army and Railways - are among the world's biggest employers, together employing a whopping 2.7 million people, said a report.
Though it is often said that Indian Railways is the largest employer in the world, but it seems it is not. The organisation is ranked at the eighth place in the list of world's biggest employers.
Immediately after Indian Railways in the 8th rank with 1.4 million staff is the Indian Armed Forces with 1.3 million people.
According to a research published by the World Economic Forum, the US Department of Defense is the world's biggest employer which claims over 3.2 million employees on its roster.
Second is People's Liberation Army (the Chinese military) with 2.3 million, and in third is the US supermarket giant Walmart with 2.1 million workers, the report said, adding that "...175,000 of Walmart's staff work for UK supermarket chain, Asda".
McDonald's is the 4th biggest employer with 1.9 million employees, however, as the majority of its restaurants are franchises, this figure falls to 4,20,000 when they are excluded, the report said.
UK's National Health Service was ranked at the 5th place, with 1.7 million employees, followed by state-run China National Petroleum Corporation with 1.6 million.
Another Chinese company, the State Grid Corporation of China was ranked 7th with 1.5 million.
Hon Hai Precision Factory (better known as the electronics manufacturer Foxconn) comes in at 10th place with 1.2 million people.
2010-16/ Earnings up 86%, jobs 3%: NSSO
Earnings Up 86%, Jobs 3% In 5 Yrs: NSSO
About a quarter of India's labour force, some 11 crore people, work in non-farm enterprises that can broadly be described as the unorganised sector. Of these 6.3 crore enterprises, none are covered under the Companies Act or Factories Act. In fact, more than two thirds are unregistered.
These are not some fly by night vendors -82% operate from homes or permanent structures outside homes, 98% are open through the year. Put together they add Rs 11.5 lakh crore to the country's output.
These are some of the findings of a survey of nearly three lakh enterprises done by NSSO in 2015-16. Only nonagricultural enterprises were covered and construction based units were also excluded. Since 2010-11, when a similar survey was done, the number of enterprises has increased by 57 lakh or 10% but strikingly , the number of workers has increased by only 33 lakh or 3% in these five years.
That's a net addition of about 6.5 lakh workers every year. This reflects the stagnating employment scenario in the country . Meanwhile, the gross value added has increased by 83% in this period.
Another notable aspect is that earnings of workers have increased by 86% in five years, even as employment has stagnated. An average worker in these enterprises earns over Rs 7,000 per month, compared to nearly Rs 4,000 five years ago. Since gross value added per worker has jumped up by 78%, this means that workers are working more and earning more.
These enterprises, otherwise classified as micro-, small-, cottage etc., were thought of by many as a great hope for providing mass employment and efficient resource utilization, but they don't seem to be in great health, going by this report. The job creation capacity of these enterprises is floundering, the scale of their economics is almost subsistence level, and in any case they are concentrated in urban areas and in a handful of states. While slow demand is the main reason, lack of credit facilities, technology and skills are other factors experts believe are contributing to the lacklustre performance.
Over 84% of these enterprises are family-run with no hired workers. Trade activities, mainly small shops, make up about 36% of these enterprises but manufacturing and other services are nearly as popular. Surprisingly, nearly 20% are owned by women, which is because women's employment opportunities are low, their work participation rate being just 23% in India. So, they lend a hand in adding to the family income by running petty shops and other enterprises.
The deep regional imbalance in industrialisation across different states is reflected in these small enterprises too. Nearly half of the 6.3 crore enterprises are in five states -UP , Bengal, TN, Maharashtra and Karnataka; a quarter in just the first two.The report reveals that SHGbased enterprises, once touted as the panacea for economic empowerment, have flattered to deceive. They made up just 1.8% of all enterprises in 2015-16 down from 2.1% in 2010-11.
