Research & Development(R&D): India - Revision history

Jyoti: /* Women in Research and development */

2026-03-28T13:42:15Z

‎Women in Research and development

Jyoti at 09:04, 10 July 2023

2023-07-10T09:04:56Z

Jyoti: /* 2018: Global in-house centres */

2023-07-10T09:04:19Z

‎2018: Global in-house centres

Jyoti: /* 2013: vis-à-vis BRICS and OECD countries */

2023-03-31T18:49:18Z

‎2013: vis-à-vis BRICS and OECD countries

Jyoti: /* 2018: Global in-house centres */

2021-05-19T20:28:41Z

‎2018: Global in-house centres

Jyoti: /* Permissions required */

2021-03-02T12:10:00Z

‎Permissions required

Jyoti: /* Global tech R&D and India */

2021-02-23T11:32:11Z

‎Global tech R&D and India

Jyoti: /* Global tech R&D and India */

2020-09-13T23:09:38Z

‎Global tech R&D and India

Jyoti: /* 2018: Global in-house centres */

2018-04-13T22:11:53Z

‎2018: Global in-house centres

Jyoti: /* 2018: Global in-house centres */

2018-04-13T22:08:19Z

‎2018: Global in-house centres

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 [[Category:S&T|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
 =Women in Research and development=
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 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
 [[Category:S&T|R
 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]

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-[[Category:India |R ]]
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 = The state of S&T in India=
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 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
-[[Category:Pages with broken file links|RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
 [[Category:S&T|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
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 =See also=
 [[China vis-à-vis India: Levels of development]]

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 Romania continues to expand in the cognitive, analytics, and cybersecurity services space. The market witnessed significant growth in 2018 on account of new centres and companies advancing in the digital space (blockchain, virtual & augmented reality, and big data).
 [[Category:India|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
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 [[File: r d 1.jpg|Patents, Researchers, Publications in India and other major countries: 2013; Graphic courtesy: [http://epaperbeta.timesofindia.com/Article.aspx?eid==31808&articlexml==IF-SCIENCE-CONGRESS-IS-A-JOKE-ITS-BECAUSE-10012016025025''The Times of India''] Jan 10 2016|frame|500px]]
 See graphic, ' Patents, Researchers, Publications in India and other major countries: 2013  '
 = Global tech R&D and India=

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:28, 19 May 2021
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	''How GICs are remaking Bengaluru, as in 2018 ''		''How GICs are remaking Bengaluru, as in 2018 ''
		+
		+	===23% of IT, R&D centres set up in ’18 were Indian===
		+	[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL/2019/09/28&entity=Ar03110&sk=F34A9FED&mode=text Shilpa Phadnis, Sep 28, 2019: ''The Times of India'']
		+
		+
		+	[[File: Country share of new centres in 2017-18.jpg\|Country share of new centres in 2017-18 <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL/2019/09/28&entity=Ar03110&sk=F34A9FED&mode=text Shilpa Phadnis, Sep 28, 2019: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	India continues to be by far the most preferred destination for IT, engineering and R&D services delivery.
		+
		+	In 2018, of the 307 new centres that were set up for such services, India accounted for 23%, according to consulting firm Everest Group’s Global Locations Annual Report 2019. Singapore followed at about 8%, while Ireland, China and Mexico accounted for 5% each.
		+
		+	In the past four calendar years, Asia-Pacific’s share in new centres has risen to 47% from 43%. India accounted for 47% of the 198 new centres in APac in 2015 and 2016, and 51% of the 270 centres in 2017 and 2018. This shows the country’s share has risen over these years. The fastest growth has been in engineering and R&D centres. In APac, the share of this segment, rose to 40% in the past two years, compared to 23% in the two years prior to that. The shares of IT, knowledge process and business process services dropped. Bengaluru saw the setting up of engineering/ R&D centres of Analog Devices and Siemens Gamesa, Hyderabad of Pactera Technologies, and Pune of Xoriant.
		+
		+	“Bengaluru continues to grow owing to increasing demand for complex IT and highend R&D work. Significant availability of entry-level talent pool (85,000-95,000 graduates annually) and highly mature employed talent market continues to position Bengaluru as the leading talent market for global services. High cost savings potential (more than 75% savings over the US and the UK), availability of well-developed infrastructure, and strong government support further enhance its value proposition,” said Parul Jain, practice director, Everest Group.
		+
		+	India is the leading location for all functions, except for voice BPS (business process services). In India, the number of employees across IT services and BPS services is in the ratio 55:45. For Singapore, it is 62:38, and for China 57:43.
		+
		+	Ireland, Poland, and Romania continue to be the top three service delivery locations in nearshore Europe, with 175 new centres set up in 2017 and 2018, compared to 144 in 2015 and 2016. Jain said that Poland continues to remain an attractive IT/BPS location and is leveraged by both GICs (global inhouse centres of MNCs) and service providers due to availability of talent for complex skills, multilingual skills, and proximity to customers.
		+
		+	Romania continues to expand in the cognitive, analytics, and cybersecurity services space. The market witnessed significant growth in 2018 on account of new centres and companies advancing in the digital space (blockchain, virtual & augmented reality, and big data).
		+
		+	[[Category:India\|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
		+	RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:S&T\|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
		+	RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]

	=Permissions required=		=Permissions required=

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 =Permissions required=
 ==As in 2021==
 [https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-permission-raj-will-hit-scientific-research-in-india/articleshow/81137448.cms  Aniket Sule, February 21, 2021: ''The Times of India'']
 The writer is an associate professor at the Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai
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 Research in any subject is critically dependent on an exchange of ideas. Thus, conferences/seminars are an inseparable part of the academic culture. It is at conferences, when you listen to work being done around the world, you get new ideas, you forge new collaborations, and you get constructive feedback on your own research. If the government makes it virtually impossible (pun intended) to participate in conferences, the Indian research community will be poorer for it, and it will surely affect the quality of research being done in India.
 [[Category:India|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:32, 23 February 2021
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	''How GICs are remaking Bengaluru, as in 2018 ''		''How GICs are remaking Bengaluru, as in 2018 ''

		+	=Permissions required=
		+	==As in 2021==
		+	[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-permission-raj-will-hit-scientific-research-in-india/articleshow/81137448.cms Aniket Sule, February 21, 2021: ''The Times of India'']
		+	The writer is an associate professor at the Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai
		+
		+
		+	The Indian academia is abuzz with heated discussions about a recent circular from the Ministry of Education. Before I dive deep into why it’s become so contentious and how it threatens to affect the quality of research in India, it’s worth summarising in the following points what it sets out to achieve:
		+
		+	1) The circular is applicable to ministries, departments, public sector undertakings, central educational institutions, public funded universities, or an organisation owned and controlled by any government authority.
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		+	2) All these institutions are required to seek the approval of the administrative secretary of the respective ministry before organising any online/virtual international conferences/seminars/training.
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		+	3) They should also seek the approval for the list of participants invited to the event.
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		+	4) The permission will only be given if the subject matter of the online event is not related to the security of the state, the India border, the Northeast, Union territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh, or any other issue, which is related to India’s internal matters. If the subject matter is related to any of these topics, the case must be referred to the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA).
		+
		+	5) Full compliance to India’s existing provisions of IT data security/personal data etc has to be ensured.
		+
		+	6) Preference should be given to softwares / platforms having servers not controlled/hosted/owned by countries / agencies hostile to India.
		+
		+	7) Any event having foreign funding and sponsorship should be referred to MEA for prior approval.
		+
		+	8) Events involving sensitive subjects (political, scientific, technical, commercial, personal), with provisions for sharing of any data, including presentations made during the meeting, should be referred to the MEA for prior approval.
		+
		+	9) Participation of ministers / government officials/scientists/doctors in online/virtual/physical international conferences/seminars/training etc is possible only with prior approval. For senior levels (joint secretary/professor and above), the approval must come from the MEA. For others, the approval must come from the administrative secretary of the respective ministry.
		+
		+	Now, it is true that prior to this circular, there were already certain restrictions in place regarding hosting of physical meetings and conferences. But they were neither so broad nor did they apply to online meetings. As per the previous rules, if you wanted to organise an international conference in India, you needed to inform your parent ministry about three months prior to the event, and the parent ministry would then inform MEA.
		+
		+	You would also need to send a list of participants, including their passport details, after the registrations of the conference were completed. And if any of your participants included citizens of a select few countries (the so-called ‘special reference’ countries), their names would also get sent to the Ministry of Home Affairs, which would do its own background checks on those participants before giving an approval. Some academics would grumble about all this paperwork, but they would mostly accept these rules. Prior intimations (if done in time) to MEA would help in facilitating visas for the participants. This way the government would do a background check on foreign nationals.
		+
		+	For Indian scientists who would be physically attending international conferences, their visit would typically require an approval from the institute’s authorities, but that was mostly for administrative and budgetary reasons. Only scientists from the strategic research institutions needed prior approvals from their respective ministries.
		+	That was, by and large, how it was done
		+
		+	Today, when you compare the new rules with the old ones, the first thing you notice is how some of the most restrictive aspects of the older procedures have now been applied for the online events. When the foreign participants are not entering a research institute/university campus, or stepping on Indian territory, and for that matter, there is no need of visa facilitation, the background checks should be applied only sparingly. But now they have become blanket norms. Same can be said about the rules on Indian scientists participating in online events. With these meetings, most administrative (such as leaves) and budgetary issues get automatically resolved. Hence, creating more paperwork for online participation makes no sense.
		+
		+	The other worrisome aspect is the wording of the circular. With an overzealous babu, almost anything can be deemed as ‘subject related to India’s internal matter’. Take a few examples: The quality of school education in rural India; the Indian industry’s capability of delivering some critical components for the next mega telescope; the impact of fuel prices on India’s domestic economy; the history of a particular tribal group; the results of sero survey tracking spread of Covid-19 infections – are any of these ‘sensitive internal issues’? Surely not. But today, unfortunately, there are legitimate concerns that any of these can be construed as ‘sensitive subjects’ by some babu with nefarious motivations.
		+
		+	Also, the ambit of this circular, especially in the types of meetings and officials involved, is too broad and vaguely worded. Almost any meeting can fall under it. If, for instance, we organise a seminar, which is a live broadcast on YouTube and some of the audience members happen to be foreigners, does it imply we have broken a rule? Or, if I am doing an online mathematics training programme for school teachers and some of the teacher participants are from other countries, say Nepal or Rwanda, do I need prior approval? Or, if I serve on some committee of some international body of scientists, and I want to attend an online committee meeting one night, should I inform the concerning ministry?
		+
		+	India has nearly 4,000 higher education institutions/research institutes. Each of them organise some form of event or another every year and multiple people from many of these places participate in such international conferences. Has the government given any thought at all about the volume of requests it would receive and how they plan to handle those? Even with the earlier set of limited restrictions, we were advised to apply for approval six-to-ten weeks in advance (more, if the home ministry was involved), but with these sweeping restrictions, we will probably be required to apply six-to-ten months in advance.
		+
		+	Research in any subject is critically dependent on an exchange of ideas. Thus, conferences/seminars are an inseparable part of the academic culture. It is at conferences, when you listen to work being done around the world, you get new ideas, you forge new collaborations, and you get constructive feedback on your own research. If the government makes it virtually impossible (pun intended) to participate in conferences, the Indian research community will be poorer for it, and it will surely affect the quality of research being done in India.
		+
		+	[[Category:India\|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
		+	RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]
		+	[[Category:S&T\|R RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA
		+	RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT(R&D): INDIA]]

	=Women in Research and development=		=Women in Research and development=

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:08, 13 April 2018
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	[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F04%2F10&entity=Ar02603&sk=3522B3FC&mode=text Sujit John & Shilpa Phadnis, Why MNCs are moving core ops to India, April 10, 2018: ''The Times of India'']		[https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F04%2F10&entity=Ar02603&sk=3522B3FC&mode=text Sujit John & Shilpa Phadnis, Why MNCs are moving core ops to India, April 10, 2018: ''The Times of India'']

		+	[[File: The advent of MNCs’ global in-house centres in India, as in 2018.jpg\| The advent of MNCs’ global in-house centres in India, as in 2018 <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F04%2F10&entity=Ar02603&sk=3522B3FC&mode=text Sujit John & Shilpa Phadnis, Why MNCs are moving core ops to India, April 10, 2018: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]
		+
		+	[[File: How many people GICs employ in India, 2016.jpg\|How many people GICs employ in India, 2016 <br/> From: [https://epaper.timesgroup.com/Olive/ODN/TimesOfIndia/shared/ShowArticle.aspx?doc=TOIDEL%2F2018%2F04%2F10&entity=Ar02603&sk=3522B3FC&mode=text Sujit John & Shilpa Phadnis, Why MNCs are moving core ops to India, April 10, 2018: ''The Times of India'']\|frame\|500px]]

	‘The centre of gravity of Fortune 500 companies is shifting to India. The future strategies of these companies are being invented here,” says Lalit Ahuja, a retired Navy man who runs Ansr, a venture in Bengaluru that helps multinational companies establish engineering and research and development centres — known as global inhouse centres or GICs — in India. Among the companies it’s worked with are Target, JCPenney, AB (Anheuser-Busch) Inbev, Saks Fifth Avenue and Grant Thornton.		‘The centre of gravity of Fortune 500 companies is shifting to India. The future strategies of these companies are being invented here,” says Lalit Ahuja, a retired Navy man who runs Ansr, a venture in Bengaluru that helps multinational companies establish engineering and research and development centres — known as global inhouse centres or GICs — in India. Among the companies it’s worked with are Target, JCPenney, AB (Anheuser-Busch) Inbev, Saks Fifth Avenue and Grant Thornton.